German for babies and toddlers

German · B1 · Everyday language

Familiar Faces Nearby in German

Use these everyday phrases to help your baby notice familiar people, animals and objects. Practise German relative clauses with der, die and das to say more about a noun.

What you'll learn

  • Describe familiar people and things using relative clauses.
  • Choose der, die or das when the relative pronoun is the subject.
  • Use die for plural nouns and match the verb to the plural subject.
  • Place the finite verb at the end of the relative clause.

German phrases for familiar faces nearby

  • Das ist der Mann, der unsere Einkäufe bringt.

    That is the man who brings our shopping.

    Der refers to the masculine noun Mann and is the subject of bringt.

  • Hier ist die Frau, die nebenan wohnt.

    Here is the woman who lives next door.

    Die refers to the feminine noun Frau. Wohnt comes at the end of the relative clause.

  • Schau dir das Baby an, das im Kinderwagen schläft.

    Look at the baby who is sleeping in the pram.

    Das refers to the neuter noun Baby, even though the English pronoun is who.

  • Das sind die Enten, die im Teich schwimmen.

    Those are the ducks that swim in the pond.

    Plural die is the subject of the plural verb schwimmen.

  • Hier ist der Löffel, der immer auf den Boden fällt.

    Here is the spoon that always falls on the floor.

    Der refers to the masculine noun Löffel. The singular verb form is fällt.

  • Das ist die Decke, die dich warm hält.

    That is the blanket that keeps you warm.

    Die is the subject; dich means you and is the object. Hält comes last.

  • Hier ist das Buch, das neben deinem Babybett liegt.

    Here is the book that lies beside your cot.

    Das refers to the neuter noun Buch. Neben deinem Babybett describes a location.

  • Das sind die Spielsachen, die ein lustiges Geräusch machen.

    Those are the toys that make a funny noise.

    Die refers to plural Spielsachen, so the verb is machen.

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Key words

die Einkäufe

the shopping; the purchases

Usually plural when referring to the things someone has bought.

nebenan

next door

Use wohnen nebenan to describe where someone lives, but put wohnt last in a relative clause.

der Kinderwagen

the pram; the pushchair

Im Kinderwagen means in the pram. Im is short for in dem.

der Teich

the pond

Im Teich means in the pond.

auf den Boden fallen

to fall on the floor; to fall to the ground

Use auf den Boden for movement onto the floor. Er fällt means he or it falls.

die Decke

the blanket

Decke can also mean ceiling; here it means blanket.

das Babybett

the cot; the crib

Neben deinem Babybett means beside your cot.

die Spielsachen

the toys

This is plural. A single toy is usually das Spielzeug.

ein lustiges Geräusch

a funny noise

Geräusch is neuter: das Geräusch.

Choosing a nominative relative pronoun

A relative clause adds information about a noun. When the relative pronoun is the subject—the person or thing doing the action—use nominative der, die or das. Its gender and number match the noun it refers to. Unlike English who and that, the choice does not depend on whether you mean a person or a thing.

UseFormExample
Masculine singularderder Mann, der unsere Einkäufe bringt
Feminine singulardiedie Frau, die nebenan wohnt
Neuter singulardasdas Baby, das im Kinderwagen schläft
Plural, all gendersdiedie Enten, die im Teich schwimmen

Put the finite verb at the end

Start the relative clause with the relative pronoun and put the finite verb—the verb form that agrees with the subject—at the end. Separate the relative clause from the main clause with a comma.

UseFormExample
Basic patternnoun + comma + relative pronoun + other information + finite verbHier ist die Frau, die nebenan wohnt.
Singular verbder + … + fälltHier ist der Löffel, der immer auf den Boden fällt.
Plural verbdie + … + machenDas sind die Spielsachen, die ein lustiges Geräusch machen.

The subject inside the relative clause

Choose the relative pronoun's case by its job inside the relative clause, not by the noun's job in the main clause. In all these phrases, the relative pronoun is the subject, so it is nominative.

UseFormExample
Object in the main clause, subject in the relative clauseSchau dir das Baby an, das … schläft.Schau dir das Baby an, das im Kinderwagen schläft.
Subject and object in the relative clausedie = subject; dich = objectDas ist die Decke, die dich warm hält.

More examples

Da ist der Hund, der im Garten spielt.

There is the dog who is playing in the garden.

Hund is masculine, so use der. Spielt comes last.

Hier ist die Katze, die auf dem Sofa schläft.

Here is the cat who is sleeping on the sofa.

Katze is feminine, so use die.

Das ist das Spielzeug, das ein Geräusch macht.

That is the toy that makes a noise.

Spielzeug is neuter and singular: das … macht.

Da sind die Kinder, die im Garten spielen.

There are the children who are playing in the garden.

Kinder is plural: die … spielen.

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