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German · A2 · Family moment

Gentle hands with our pet in German

Use clear, gentle German to set safety boundaries around a pet and make care tasks optional. Nicht dürfen means “must not”; nicht müssen means “do not have to.”

What you'll learn

  • Use nicht dürfen to explain what is not allowed.
  • Use nicht müssen to reassure a child that an action is optional.
  • Distinguish “must not” from “do not have to” in everyday pet care.

German phrases for gentle hands with our pet

  • Du darfst den Käfig nicht allein öffnen.

    You must not open the cage alone.

    Darfst … nicht sets a safety boundary: opening it alone is not allowed.

  • Du musst ihn nicht streicheln.

    You do not have to stroke him.

    Musst … nicht removes pressure: stroking him is optional.

  • Wir dürfen den Hamster nicht wecken.

    We must not wake the hamster.

    Dürfen … nicht expresses a rule that includes the adult.

  • Du musst ihn heute nicht füttern.

    You do not have to feed him today.

    The child does not need to do this job today; it is not forbidden.

  • Er darf unsere Schokolade nicht essen.

    He must not eat our chocolate.

    Darf … nicht states what the pet is not allowed to eat.

  • Du darfst nicht an seinem Schwanz ziehen.

    You must not pull his tail.

    This is a firm boundary, not an optional task.

  • Du musst ihn noch nicht halten.

    You do not have to hold him yet.

    Noch nicht means “not yet”: there is no need to hold him at this stage.

  • Wir müssen den Käfig jetzt nicht sauber machen.

    We do not have to clean the cage now.

    Müssen … nicht means cleaning is not necessary now, not that it is forbidden.

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Key words

der Käfig

cage

Plural: die Käfige.

der Hamster

hamster

Plural: die Hamster.

der Schwanz

tail

Plural: die Schwänze.

die Schokolade

chocolate

Plural: die Schokoladen, usually for different types. Normally singular when talking about chocolate as food.

streicheln

to stroke; to pet

Used for gently touching an animal.

füttern

to feed

Used for giving food to an animal.

wecken

to wake someone up

halten

to hold

sauber machen

to clean

An everyday expression for making something clean.

A boundary or a choice?

Use nicht dürfen for a prohibition: something is not allowed. Use nicht müssen for lack of necessity: something does not need to happen. English “must not” is nicht dürfen, not nicht müssen.

UseFormExample
Prohibitionnicht dürfen = must not / not be allowed toDu darfst ihn nicht wecken. — You must not wake him.
No necessitynicht müssen = do not have to / do not need toDu musst ihn nicht wecken. — You do not have to wake him.

Forms used in this unit

Choose the modal form for the person. The action verb stays in its infinitive form at the end. Nicht comes before the action or the phrase being negated; it does not need to sit directly beside the modal.

UseFormExample
You: a boundarydu darfst … nicht … + infinitiveDu darfst den Käfig nicht allein öffnen.
He: a boundaryer darf … nicht … + infinitiveEr darf unsere Schokolade nicht essen.
We: a boundarywir dürfen … nicht … + infinitiveWir dürfen den Hamster nicht wecken.
You: no necessitydu musst … nicht … + infinitiveDu musst ihn nicht streicheln.
We: no necessitywir müssen … nicht … + infinitiveWir müssen den Käfig jetzt nicht sauber machen.

More examples

Du darfst ihn jetzt nicht halten.

You must not hold him now.

A boundary: holding him now is not allowed.

Du musst ihn jetzt nicht halten.

You do not have to hold him now.

Reassurance: holding him now is not necessary.

Wir dürfen ihn nicht füttern.

We must not feed him.

Feeding him is not allowed.

Wir müssen ihn nicht füttern.

We do not have to feed him.

Feeding him is not necessary for us; this is not a prohibition.

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