German for babies and toddlers

German · A2 · Family moment

Something for You in German

Practise sharing little comforts and discoveries with your baby. With geben (to give), zeigen (to show) and leihen (to lend), use the dative for the person receiving something or being shown something.

What you'll learn

  • Use geben, zeigen and leihen in everyday family situations.
  • Use dative articles for recipients, such as dem Baby.
  • Use the dative pronouns mir, dir, ihm, ihr and uns.
  • Distinguish the dative recipient from the accusative thing.

German phrases for something for you

  • Ich gebe dem Baby ein Fläschchen.

    I am giving the baby a bottle.

    Dem Baby is the dative recipient. Ein Fläschchen means a feeding bottle in this context.

  • Ich gebe dir deinen Teddy.

    I am giving you your teddy.

    Dir means 'to you'. Teddy is masculine, so the thing being given is accusative: deinen Teddy.

  • Papa gibt ihr ein sauberes Lätzchen.

    Dad is giving her a clean bib.

    Ihr means 'to her'. With Papa, geben becomes gibt.

  • Ich zeige dem Baby ein Bild.

    I am showing the baby a picture.

    Zeigen also takes a dative recipient: dem Baby.

  • Kannst du mir deine kleinen Hände zeigen?

    Can you show me your little hands?

    Mir means 'to me'. With kannst, the infinitive zeigen goes at the end.

  • Mama zeigt ihm die Ente.

    Mum is showing him the duck.

    Ihm means 'to him'. Die Ente is the thing being shown.

  • Wir leihen dem Baby eine weiche Decke.

    We are lending the baby a soft blanket.

    Leihen means lending something temporarily. Dem Baby is the recipient.

  • Oma leiht uns eine Babybadewanne.

    Grandma is lending us a baby bath.

    Uns means 'to us'. Eine Babybadewanne is a small bathtub for a baby.

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Key words

geben

to give

Present-tense forms include ich gebe, du gibst and er/sie gibt.

zeigen

to show

Use the dative for the person you show something to.

leihen

to lend

In these phrases, someone lends an item to another person, who is expected to return it.

das Fläschchen

feeding bottle; little bottle

A common word when talking about feeding a baby. All nouns ending in -chen are neuter.

der Teddy

teddy bear

A familiar short form of der Teddybär.

das Lätzchen

bib

The plural is die Lätzchen.

die Hand

hand

The plural is die Hände.

die Decke

blanket

Eine weiche Decke means 'a soft blanket'.

die Babybadewanne

baby bath; baby bathtub

This means the tub itself, not the act of bathing.

The recipient is dative; the thing is accusative

With geben, zeigen and leihen, ask 'To whom?' to find the dative recipient and 'What?' to find the accusative thing. When both objects are nouns, the recipient usually comes first.

UseFormExample
Givegeben + dative recipient + accusative thingIch gebe dem Baby ein Fläschchen.
Showzeigen + dative recipient + accusative thingIch zeige dem Baby ein Bild.
Lendleihen + dative recipient + accusative thingWir leihen dem Baby eine Decke.

Dative noun articles

The recipient's article changes to the dative form. Masculine and neuter nouns use dem or einem; feminine nouns use der or einer. In the dative plural, use den and usually add -n to the noun unless it already ends in -n or -s.

UseFormExample
Masculineder → dem; ein → einemIch zeige dem Vater ein Bild.
Femininedie → der; eine → einerIch gebe der Mutter eine Decke.
Neuterdas → dem; ein → einemIch gebe dem Baby ein Fläschchen.
Pluraldie → den; Kinder → KindernIch zeige den Kindern die Ente.

Dative personal pronouns

Use a dative pronoun instead of naming the recipient. These short forms usually come before a noun naming the thing.

UseFormExample
To meich → mirKannst du mir deine kleinen Hände zeigen?
To you: one familiar persondu → dirIch gebe dir deinen Teddy.
To him / to iter / es → ihmMama zeigt ihm die Ente.
To hersie → ihrPapa gibt ihr ein sauberes Lätzchen.
To uswir → unsOma leiht uns eine Babybadewanne.
To you: several familiar peopleihr → euchIch zeige euch ein Bild.
To themsie → ihnenOma leiht ihnen eine Decke.
To you: formalSie → IhnenIch zeige Ihnen die Babybadewanne.

Present actions and questions with können

German uses the simple present for both 'I give' and 'I am giving'. To ask 'Can you ...?', start with Kannst du and put the main verb in its infinitive form at the end.

UseFormExample
Action happening nowich + present-tense verbIch gebe dir deinen Teddy.
Question with 'can'Kannst du + objects + infinitive?Kannst du mir ein Bild zeigen?

More examples

Ich gebe dir eine weiche Decke.

I am giving you a soft blanket.

Dir is the dative recipient; eine weiche Decke is the accusative thing.

Kannst du dem Baby deinen Teddy zeigen?

Can you show the baby your teddy?

Dem Baby is dative. Deinen Teddy is accusative, and zeigen goes at the end.

Oma leiht ihm eine Babybadewanne.

Grandma is lending him a baby bath.

Ihm replaces a named recipient and means 'to him' here.

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