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Borrowing a school tablet responsibly in German

Learn to identify who must do what in a school tablet loan agreement. The formal construction haben + zu-infinitive assigns a required action to a person or organisation.

What you'll learn

  • Identify the person or organisation responsible for each required action.
  • Understand and form statements and questions with haben + zu-infinitive.
  • Distinguish person-focused haben + zu from passive-oriented sein + zu.
  • Explain formal equipment-loan responsibilities in clear English.

German phrases for borrowing a school tablet responsibly

  • Wir haben das Tablet bis Freitag zurückzugeben.

    We are required to return the tablet by Friday.

    Wir identifies who is responsible. Zurückzugeben expresses the required action.

  • Habe ich auch einen winzigen Riss zu melden?

    Am I required to report even a tiny crack?

    Putting habe first turns the obligation into a yes/no question.

  • Du hast deine Zugangsdaten geheim zu halten.

    You are required to keep your login details private.

    Hast ... zu halten places the responsibility on du. This wording is firm and formal.

  • Jeder, der ein Gerät ausleiht, hat diese Vereinbarung zu unterschreiben.

    Anyone borrowing a device has to sign this agreement.

    Jeder identifies the responsible person; hat ... zu unterschreiben states the obligation.

  • Wir haben eigene Kopfhörer mitzubringen.

    We're required to supply our own headphones.

    In this school context, eigene Kopfhörer mitzubringen means providing headphones by bringing your own.

  • Habe ich meine Dateien vor der Rückgabe zu löschen?

    Do I have to remove my files before handing it back?

    Zu löschen specifies deleting the files from the device. This question echoes formal agreement wording.

  • Die Schule hat etwaige Gebühren im Voraus zu erläutern.

    The school is required to explain any charges in advance.

    Die Schule is responsible here. Etwaige Gebühren means any charges that may apply.

  • Du hast eine Lehrkraft zu informieren, wenn das Ladegerät verloren geht.

    You're required to tell a teacher if the charger goes missing.

    Du hast ... zu informieren assigns the reporting duty to the borrower.

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Key words

das Tablet

tablet

Plural: die Tablets.

der Riss

crack

Plural: die Risse.

die Zugangsdaten

login details; access credentials

Used in the plural in this meaning.

das Gerät

device

Plural: die Geräte.

die Vereinbarung

agreement

Plural: die Vereinbarungen.

der Kopfhörer

headphone; headphones

Plural: die Kopfhörer. German commonly uses the plural for headphones.

die Datei

file

Plural: die Dateien.

die Rückgabe

return; handing back

Plural: die Rückgaben. Here, returning the borrowed equipment.

die Gebühr

fee; charge

Plural: die Gebühren.

die Lehrkraft

teacher

Plural: die Lehrkräfte. A gender-neutral term.

das Ladegerät

charger

Plural: die Ladegeräte.

Haben + zu-infinitive: who must act?

In formal rules, subject + conjugated haben + zu-infinitive expresses an obligation, much like must or be required to. The subject names whoever must perform the action, including an organisation such as the school. This construction can sound strict or commanding in everyday conversation.

UseFormExample
Borrowers are responsiblewir haben + object + zu-infinitiveWir haben eigene Kopfhörer mitzubringen.
One learner is responsibledu hast + object + zu-infinitiveDu hast deine Zugangsdaten geheim zu halten.
The school is responsibledie Schule hat + object + zu-infinitiveDie Schule hat etwaige Gebühren im Voraus zu erläutern.

Statements, questions and infinitive forms

In a main-clause statement, conjugated haben occupies the second position and the zu-infinitive comes at the end. In a yes/no question, haben comes first. With a separable verb, zu goes between the prefix and the verb stem.

UseFormExample
Statementsubject + haben + ... + zu-infinitiveIch habe jeden Riss zu melden.
Yes/no questionhaben + subject + ... + zu-infinitive?Habe ich jeden Riss zu melden?
Separable infinitivezurückgeben → zurückzugeben; mitbringen → mitzubringenWir haben das Tablet bis Freitag zurückzugeben.
Non-separable infinitiveunterschreiben → zu unterschreibenIch habe diese Vereinbarung zu unterschreiben.

Contrast: haben + zu and sein + zu

Haben + zu puts the responsible actor in the subject position. The previously learned sein + zu puts the item affected by the action in that position, so the actor can remain unstated. In the loan-rule examples below, both express necessity; sein + zu can express possibility in other contexts.

UseFormExample
Actor-focused obligationresponsible actor + haben + zu-infinitiveWir haben das Tablet bis Freitag zurückzugeben. — We are required to return the tablet by Friday.
Passive-oriented requirementaffected item + sein + zu-infinitiveDas Tablet ist bis Freitag zurückzugeben. — The tablet must be returned by Friday.

More examples

Wer hat die Vereinbarung zu unterschreiben?

Who is required to sign the agreement?

Use wer to ask which person has the responsibility.

Was haben wir vor der Rückgabe zu erledigen?

What are we required to do before returning it?

Use was to ask which actions are required.

Die Eltern haben die Vereinbarung zu lesen.

The parents are required to read the agreement.

Die Eltern names the responsible people; haben ... zu lesen states their duty.

Ihr habt das Ladegerät zusammen mit dem Tablet zurückzugeben.

You are required to return the charger together with the tablet.

Ihr habt addresses more than one person informally.

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